Stoichiometry: Balancing, Yield, Gas Relations, and Reaction Networks

All flashcards

Molar mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, usually expressed in g/mol.

Limiting reactant

The reactant consumed first, which sets the maximum possible amount of product.

Actual yield

The amount of product collected experimentally.

Stoichiometric number

A signed reaction number: negative for consumed reactants and positive for formed products.

Stoichiometry matrix

A matrix with species as rows and reactions as columns, recording reaction changes.

Quiz questions

1. How do you convert a measured mass in grams to an amount in moles?Answer: Divide the mass by the substance's molar mass.
2. How can the limiting reactant be identified when multiple reactants are given?Answer: Calculate the same product amount from each reactant; the smaller amount identifies the limiting reactant.
3. Which expression defines percent yield?Answer: $\frac{\text{actual yield}}{\text{theoretical yield}}\times 100\%$
4. For an ideal gas, which equation relates density $\rho$, molar mass $M$, pressure $P$, temperature $T$, and gas constant $R$?Answer: $\rho=\frac{MP}{RT}$
5. In a stoichiometry matrix for a reaction network, what do rows and columns represent?Answer: Rows represent chemical species; columns represent reactions.