This lesson explains why Yugoslavia broke with the Soviet Union and how its experience helped inspire a path outside the two Cold War blocs.
During World War II, communist partisans fought the Axis powers in Yugoslavia. In 1942, they formed the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ). As Italian forces withdrew in 1943, AVNOJ took control and established Democratic Federal Yugoslavia. Partisan leader Josip Broz Tito became prime minister.
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Cominform
An organization founded in 1947 to coordinate European communist governments under Soviet guidance.
Non-aligned policy
A policy of preserving independence from Cold War blocs while still allowing international cooperation, aid, or trade.
Why did Tito break with Stalin?
Tito rejected Soviet authority over Yugoslav decisions, while Stalin opposed Yugoslav regional ambitions and support for Greek communists.
Nehru’s foreign policy
India sought independence from Cold War blocs while accepting assistance from both the United States and the Soviet Union.
Eisenhower Doctrine
A 1957 pledge of U.S. military support to Middle Eastern governments threatened by what it called international communism.
Quiz questions
Why did Tito believe Yugoslavia deserved equal treatment from the Soviet Union?Answer: Yugoslav partisans had liberated the country without Soviet military assistance.
What goal did the 1955 Bandung Conference help advance?Answer: Cooperation and development without dependence on either Cold War bloc.
What distinguished Sukarno’s Guided Democracy, introduced in Indonesia in 1959?Answer: The president was said to express national consensus instead of legislative voting.
Which issue contributed to the deterioration of relations between India and China?Answer: Disputes over the border and India’s support for the Dalai Lama.
How did the 1956 Suez Crisis end?Answer: International pressure led Israel, Britain, and France to withdraw.
Based on World History Volume 2, from 1400 by Ann Kordas, Ryan J. Lynch, Brooke Nelson, Julie Tatlock (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.