The executive is the part of government responsible for putting laws and policies into effect. Its structure and powers differ across political systems, and those powers are often shaped by a constitution and by checks from other branches.
The executive executes and enforces law and policy. Its powers vary by country, political context, and government office, and they may change over time. Constitutions commonly set out the scope of executive authority. In democratic systems, executives often have broad influence over national politics, but that influence is usually subject to legal and political limits.
All flashcards
What is the executive?
The part of government that executes and enforces laws and policies. Its offices and powers vary according to the political system and constitutional arrangements.
What is fusion of powers?
A parliamentary relationship in which executive and legislative powers are shared. The executive is responsible to the elected legislature and must maintain its confidence.
What do origin and survival mean in Shugart’s framework?
Origin concerns how the executive is chosen. Survival concerns whether and how the executive can be removed from office.
What is delegated legislation?
Rules or regulations made by the executive under authority granted by the legislature, generally within limits set by law.
How do the three parliamentary executive models differ?
In the cabinet model, the prime minister is first above unequals and may reshuffle ministers. In the chancellor model, the leader is first among unequals and may be protected by a constructive vote of no confidence. In the ministerial council model, the prime minister is first among equals and parliament may remove ministers individually.
Quiz questions
What is the executive’s central responsibility?Answer: To execute and enforce laws and policies.
What does fusion of powers describe in a parliamentary system?Answer: Executive and legislative powers are shared, and the executive depends on legislative confidence.
In a presidential system, which roles does the president typically hold?Answer: Head of state and head of government.
What does a constructive vote of no confidence require when removing a government leader?Answer: The legislature must agree on a successor or replacement government.
In a typical separation-of-powers arrangement, which branch interprets laws?Answer: The judiciary.