ZoologyLesson 3 of 5 in the course Animal behaviour

Instinctive Behavior, Reflexes, and Innate Influences

5 flashcards · 4 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson introduces instinct as an inborn influence on behavior and distinguishes complex instinctive actions from simple reflexes. These distinctions help explain how organisms respond to their surroundings without first learning what to do.

An instinct is an inherent inclination toward a particular complex behavior that includes innate, or inborn, elements. A behavior is considered instinctive when it occurs without being based on prior experience—that is, without the behavior having to be learned first. Instinctive behavior therefore reflects biological factors present in an organism.

All flashcards

Instinct
An inborn inclination toward a particular complex behavior that does not depend on prior learning.
Fixed action pattern (FAP)
A relatively consistent sequence of actions triggered by a particular, clearly defined stimulus.
Reflex arc
A neural pathway that carries a stimulus signal and produces a rapid response, often through the spinal cord.
Preparedness for fear
A tendency for some associations to be easier to acquire than others.
Limbic system
A brain system involved in processing emotion, social activity, and motivation.

Quiz questions

  1. In imprinting, how can learning and instinct contribute to a young animal's attachment to a parent?Answer: The animal learns the parent's identity and has an inborn tendency to remain close.
  2. Young birds prevented from moving their wings until the usual age of flight could fly normally when released. What does this finding support?Answer: Neuromuscular maturation can produce flight ability without prior practice.
  3. What role is oxytocin proposed to play in maternal bonding?Answer: It may predispose women toward bonding behavior.
  4. Why did Maslow question applying the term instinct to many human drives?Answer: People can override many behaviors that are called instincts.

Based on the Wikipedia article Instinct, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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