AnatomyLesson 2 of 5 in the course The Appendicular Skeleton

Upper Limb Bones: Humerus, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

The upper limb connects the trunk to the hand and is organized into regions that support reaching, lifting, and precise movement. This lesson introduces the regions and bone count of the upper limb, then focuses on the humerus, the bone of the upper arm.

The terms proximal and distal describe position relative to the trunk: proximal means nearer, while distal means farther away. Thus, the hand is distal to the wrist.

All flashcards

How are proximal and distal defined in relation to the trunk?
Proximal means nearer the trunk; distal means farther from the trunk.
How are the radius and ulna positioned in anatomical position?
The radius is lateral on the thumb side; the ulna is medial.
What is the order of the proximal carpal row from lateral to medial?
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform.
What passes through the carpal tunnel?
Nine tendons of anterior forearm muscles and the median nerve.
How does movement of the fourth and fifth metacarpals aid gripping?
Their limited movement helps the medial hand make stronger contact during a power grip.

Quiz questions

  1. How many bones are present in each upper limb?Answer: 30 bones.
  2. Which forearm bone directly articulates with carpal bones at the radiocarpal joint?Answer: The distal radius.
  3. In a Colles fracture, how is the distal radius fragment displaced?Answer: Posteriorly and superiorly.
  4. Which structure forms the roof of the carpal tunnel?Answer: The flexor retinaculum.
  5. Why can a scaphoid fracture heal slowly?Answer: The scaphoid has a limited blood supply.

Based on Anatomy and Physiology 2e by J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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