Clinical medicineLesson 1 of 1 in the course Modern medicine

Evidence-Based Medicine: Principles, Appraisal, and Implementation

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 3 fill-in sentences · English

Save course
Lesson progress
0 / 5

Your progress is kept in this browser only.Sign up to save it

Summary

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) offers a disciplined way to combine research with clinical judgment and patient priorities. This lesson introduces its definition, purpose, and historical development.

EBM is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence when deciding how to care for individual patients. It integrates best available research evidence, individual clinical expertise, and patient values and preferences. Research informs decisions, but does not replace professional judgment or a conversation with the patient.

All flashcards

What is evidence-based medicine (EBM)?
A way to guide care by integrating current best research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient values and circumstances.
What are the five steps of EBM?
Ask an answerable question, acquire evidence, appraise it, apply it in context, and assess performance.
What distinguishes a systematic review from a meta-analysis?
A systematic review uses planned methods to find and assess studies; a meta-analysis statistically combines results when suitable studies can be pooled.
What does number needed to treat (NNT) mean?
The number of people who need an intervention for one additional person to experience the desired outcome over a specified period.
What is the difference between evidence quality and recommendation strength?
Evidence quality reflects confidence in an effect estimate; recommendation strength also weighs benefits, harms, values, preferences, and resources.

Quiz questions

  1. Which factor can lower confidence in an effect estimate under GRADE?Answer: Risk of bias in the evidence.
  2. Besides evidence quality, what does a guideline panel consider when making a recommendation?Answer: The balance of benefits and harms, patient values, and resource use.
  3. What does the area under the ROC curve (AUC-ROC) summarize?Answer: A test's ability to distinguish people with and without a condition across thresholds.
  4. Which activities are at the micro level of implementing evidence in practice?Answer: Actions and decisions involving individual clinicians and patients.
  5. A diagnostic test has a fixed AUC-ROC. What happens to its AUC when the positive-test cutoff changes?Answer: The AUC remains unchanged, although sensitivity and specificity can change.

Based on the Wikipedia article Evidence-based medicine, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

More in Clinical medicine

All Clinical medicine lessons
Clinical medicineCirrhosis: Causes, Diagnosis, Management, and Complications5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →Clinical medicineMedical Tests: Purposes, Results, Interpretation, and Risks5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →Clinical medicineSpinal Stenosis: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →