NeuroscienceLesson 3 of 5 in the course Synaptic plasticity and memory

Hippocampal Anatomy, Circuits, Functions, and Plasticity

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

The hippocampus is a major brain structure involved in memory and navigation. This lesson introduces its location, its place in the limbic system, the meaning and history of its name, and the main regions that make up the hippocampal formation.

There is one hippocampus in each cerebral hemisphere. In humans and other primates, it lies in the medial temporal lobe and forms part of the limbic system. It is an inward fold of the three-layered archicortex, a region of the allocortex. The hippocampus is concealed by the parahippocampal gyrus and can be seen when this gyrus is opened.

All flashcards

Hippocampal formation
The hippocampus and adjoining regions, commonly including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and entorhinal cortex.
Entorhinal cortex
A major interface between the hippocampus and many cortical and subcortical structures.
Hippocampal long axis
The anterior-posterior axis described by the head, body, and tail.
Place cell
A neuron that fires more when an animal occupies a particular location.
Anterograde amnesia
Difficulty forming and retaining new memories after brain injury.

Quiz questions

  1. Which sequence describes the indirect trisynaptic route from entorhinal cortex to CA1?Answer: Entorhinal cortex to dentate gyrus to CA3 to CA1.
  2. What memory difficulty is characteristic of anterograde amnesia after extensive bilateral hippocampal damage?Answer: Difficulty forming new memories.
  3. What enables calcium entry through NMDA receptors in a well-studied form of CA1 long-term potentiation?Answer: Glutamate and glycine binding together with sufficient postsynaptic depolarization.
  4. Small lesions in which hippocampal subfield are associated with transient global amnesia?Answer: CA1.
  5. Across vertebrates, the mammalian hippocampus has evolutionary counterparts associated with which region?Answer: The medial pallium.

Based on the Wikipedia article Hippocampus, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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