This lesson introduces medication administration safety and routes that use the gastrointestinal tract or nearby mucous membranes. Careful checks, client assessment, and correct technique help prevent errors and support effective drug absorption.
Enteral means pertaining to the intestines. Oral and rectal medications, as well as medications delivered through gastrointestinal tubes, are enteral. Absorption varies, and enteral medications are affected by the first-pass effect, in which some drug is metabolized during its initial passage through the liver.
All flashcards
What is the first-pass effect?
Metabolism of some absorbed medication during its initial passage through the liver, which can reduce the amount reaching systemic circulation.
How do sublingual and buccal administration differ?
Sublingual medication dissolves under the tongue; buccal medication dissolves between the cheek and gum.
Why should extended-release tablets not be crushed?
Crushing can disrupt controlled release and cause the medication to be released too quickly.
What should be done if a client sneezes after nasal spray administration?
Do not automatically repeat the dose because the amount absorbed cannot be determined.
How do infiltration and extravasation differ?
Infiltration is leakage of a nonvesicant solution into surrounding tissue; extravasation involves a medication capable of causing tissue injury.
Quiz questions
When withdrawing medication from a glass ampule, what is the correct use of a blunt filter needle?Answer: Use it to withdraw the medication, then replace it before administration.
Which statement about an insulin syringe is correct?Answer: It is calibrated in units and should be used for insulin only.
How does medication absorption from muscle generally compare with absorption from subcutaneous tissue?Answer: Absorption from muscle is generally faster than absorption from subcutaneous tissue.
At what rate should a saline post-flush generally be administered after an IV push medication?Answer: At the same rate as the medication.
When may a transdermal patch be cut?Answer: Only when the product labeling specifically permits cutting it.
Based on Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris, Dorie Weaver (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.