PharmacologyLesson 1 of 1 in the course Antihypertensive and Antianginal Drugs

ARBs: AT₁ Blockade, Safety, and Nursing Monitoring

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 4 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are antihypertensive medicines that reduce the effects of angiotensin II. This lesson explains how ARBs work, when they are used, their adverse effects and interactions, and the nursing care and education that support safe treatment.

Renin initiates the conversion of angiotensinogen, produced by the liver, into angiotensin. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) then converts angiotensin into angiotensin II. Angiotensin II normally promotes vasoconstriction and contributes to increased blood pressure.

All flashcards

How do ARBs lower blood pressure?
They block angiotensin II type 1 (AT₁) receptors, limiting angiotensin II–related vasoconstriction and lowering blood pressure.
How do ARBs differ from ACE inhibitors in cough and angioedema risk?
ARBs are less likely to cause chronic cough and have a lower risk of angioedema, although angioedema remains possible.
Which major adverse effects should be monitored with ARBs?
Monitor for hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema, and changes in renal or hepatic function.
Why are potassium supplements and salt substitutes a concern during ARB therapy?
They can raise potassium levels and increase the risk of hyperkalemia.
What pregnancy-related teaching is essential for a client taking an ARB?
ARBs can cause serious fetal harm. Avoid pregnancy during treatment and inform the prescriber about pregnancy plans or breastfeeding.

Quiz questions

  1. Which receptor do ARBs block to reduce the effects of angiotensin II?Answer: Angiotensin II type 1 (AT₁) receptors.
  2. Which comparison between ARBs and ACE inhibitors is generally accurate?Answer: ARBs are less likely to cause chronic cough, and their angioedema risk is lower but not absent.
  3. For which client is combining valsartan with aliskiren contraindicated?Answer: A client with diabetes mellitus.
  4. What is the typical maximum adult daily dose of valsartan listed for hypertension?Answer: 320 mg.
  5. In which clients may ARB monotherapy have a lower response?Answer: Clients with low renin levels.

Based on Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris, Dorie Weaver (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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