A solution is a homogeneous mixture whose composition is uniform throughout.

The solvent is the component that serves as the medium in which other components dissolve.

A solute is a component dissolved in a solvent; it is often present in a smaller amount.

What does molarity measure?

Molarity measures the moles of solute per liter of total solution: $M = n/V$.

What is an aqueous solution?

It is a solution in which water is the solvent.

General chemistryLesson 3 of 3 in the course Composition of Substances and Solutions

Molarity Calculations, Solution Preparation, and Dilution

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson introduces solutions and the concentration unit molarity. Molarity is widely used in chemistry because it relates the amount of dissolved substance to the total volume of a solution.

A mixture contains two or more substances physically combined. A solution is a homogeneous mixture, meaning its composition is uniform throughout. Examples include salt water, sweetened tea, and vinegar.

All flashcards

What is a solution?: A solution is a homogeneous mixture whose composition is uniform throughout.
What is a solvent?: The solvent is the component that serves as the medium in which other components dissolve.
What is a solute?: A solute is a component dissolved in a solvent; it is often present in a smaller amount.
What does molarity measure?: Molarity measures the moles of solute per liter of total solution: $M = n/V$ .
What is an aqueous solution?: It is a solution in which water is the solvent.

Quiz questions

When solvent is added to dilute a solution, which quantity remains unchanged?Answer: The amount of solute in the solution.
Which equation relates concentration and volume before and after dilution?Answer: $C_1V_1 = C_2V_2$
A $0.850\ \text{L}$ portion of $5.00\ M$ solution is diluted to $1.80\ \text{L}$ . What is the final concentration?Answer: $2.36\ M$
What volume of $1.59\ M$ stock is needed to prepare $5.00\ \text{L}$ of $0.100\ M$ solution?Answer: $0.314\ \text{L}$
When using the dilution equation, how should the volume units be handled?Answer: Use compatible, matching volume units on both sides.

Based on Chemistry 2e by Paul Flowers, Klaus Theopold, Richard Langley, William R. Robinson, PhD (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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