What is Amontons’s law?

At constant volume and amount, pressure is directly proportional to kelvin temperature: $P/T=k$.

What is Charles’s law?

At constant pressure and amount, volume is directly proportional to kelvin temperature: $V/T=k$.

What is Boyle’s law?

At constant temperature and amount, pressure and volume are inversely proportional: $PV=k$.

What is the ideal gas law?

The relationship among gas pressure, volume, amount, and absolute temperature is $PV=nRT$.

What is the combined gas law?

For a fixed amount of gas, two states satisfy $P_1V_1/T_1=P_2V_2/T_2$.

General chemistryLesson 2 of 6 in the course Gases

Gas Laws: Proportional Relationships, Ideal Gas Calculations, and Applications

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 4 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson explores how gas pressure and volume respond to temperature when other conditions are held constant. These relationships help explain everyday observations, from warming aerosol cans to shrinking balloons.

A temperature increase by a particular factor produces the same factor increase in pressure, provided the volume and amount of gas do not change.

All flashcards

What is Amontons’s law?: At constant volume and amount, pressure is directly proportional to kelvin temperature: $P/T=k$ .
What is Charles’s law?: At constant pressure and amount, volume is directly proportional to kelvin temperature: $V/T=k$ .
What is Boyle’s law?: At constant temperature and amount, pressure and volume are inversely proportional: $PV=k$ .
What is the ideal gas law?: The relationship among gas pressure, volume, amount, and absolute temperature is $PV=nRT$ .
What is the combined gas law?: For a fixed amount of gas, two states satisfy $P_1V_1/T_1=P_2V_2/T_2$ .

Quiz questions

A fixed amount of gas is compressed to half its original volume at constant temperature. What happens to its pressure?Answer: It doubles.
Which equation is the ideal gas law?Answer: $PV=nRT$
Which value of $R$ is suitable when pressure is in kilopascals and volume is in liters?Answer: $8.314\ \text{kPa L mol}^{-1}\text{K}^{-1}$
Under which conditions do real gases most closely approximate ideal-gas behavior?Answer: Relatively low pressure and high temperature.
During inhalation, what change in the lungs draws air inward?Answer: Lung volume increases and lung pressure falls below surrounding pressure.

Based on Chemistry 2e by Paul Flowers, Klaus Theopold, Richard Langley, William R. Robinson, PhD (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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