Cell biologyLesson 4 of 6 in the course Cell Structure

Endomembrane Trafficking: ER, Golgi, and Lysosomes

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a connected network of membranes that helps a eukaryotic cell make and process important molecules. Its rough and smooth regions have different structures and jobs.

The endomembrane system is a group of membranes and organelles that work together to modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids. It includes the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, and plasma membrane. The plasma membrane is included because it interacts with other parts of the system. Mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes are not included.

All flashcards

Endomembrane system
Membranes and organelles that work together to modify, package, and transport proteins and lipids.
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
A network of membranous sacs and tubules continuous with the nuclear envelope.
Rough ER
ER region with attached ribosomes that processes proteins and contributes to membrane production.
Smooth ER
ER region with few or no attached ribosomes, involved in synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage.
Lysosome
An organelle containing hydrolytic enzymes that digest cellular materials and can destroy pathogens.

Quiz questions

  1. Which side of the Golgi apparatus receives transport vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum?Answer: The cis face, which is closer to the endoplasmic reticulum.
  2. What commonly happens to cargo at the trans face of the Golgi apparatus?Answer: It is sorted and packaged into vesicles for delivery to its destination.
  3. What may happen to proteins that enter the rough ER lumen?Answer: They can fold into functional shapes and acquire chemical modifications.
  4. What role does the sarcoplasmic reticulum play in muscle cells?Answer: It stores calcium whose coordinated release helps trigger contraction.
  5. Which membranes are excluded from the endomembrane system described in these notes?Answer: Mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.

Based on Biology 2e by Mary Ann Clark, Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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