AnatomyLesson 3 of 6 in the course The Muscular System

Axial Muscles of the Face, Tongue, Neck, and Back

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson introduces axial muscles that create facial expressions, move the eyes and lower jaw, and control the tongue. These muscles support communication, chewing, swallowing, and coordinated vision.

Many facial muscles originate on the surface of the skull and insert into connective tissue and the dermis of the skin. Because their insertions are in the skin rather than on bone, contraction moves the skin and produces facial expressions.

All flashcards

What is the epicranial aponeurosis?
A broad tendon connecting the frontal and occipital bellies of the occipitofrontalis across the scalp.
What are the actions of orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi?
Orbicularis oris moves the lips; orbicularis oculi closes the eyelids.
What do the rectus eye muscles generally do?
Superior and inferior rectus elevate or depress the eye and also adduct it; medial rectus adducts, while lateral rectus abducts.
What are mastication and the main jaw elevators?
Mastication means chewing. The masseter is the primary jaw elevator, assisted by the temporalis, which also retracts the mandible.
How do extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles differ?
Extrinsic muscles originate outside the tongue and move the whole tongue. Intrinsic muscles originate within it and change its shape.

Quiz questions

  1. Why can muscles of facial expression move the skin?Answer: They insert into connective tissue and the dermis.
  2. Which muscle compresses the cheek and assists with blowing and sucking?Answer: Buccinator
  3. Which extrinsic eye muscle abducts the eye away from the nose?Answer: Lateral rectus
  4. Which muscle helps depress and protract the mandible to open the mouth?Answer: Lateral pterygoid
  5. Which statement correctly distinguishes intrinsic from extrinsic tongue muscles?Answer: Intrinsic muscles change tongue shape; extrinsic muscles move the tongue as a whole.

Based on Anatomy and Physiology 2e by J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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