Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs when stomach contents repeatedly flow back into the esophagus and cause troublesome symptoms or complications. This lesson introduces the condition and explains how it may affect adults, children, and the mouth.
A small amount of reflux can happen in healthy people. Reflux is considered GERD when it becomes recurrent and causes symptoms or complications. The esophagus is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach; stomach contents flowing upward can irritate or injure its lining.
All flashcards
What is GERD?
GERD is recurrent reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus that causes troublesome symptoms or complications.
What is regurgitation?
Regurgitation is the return of stomach contents upward toward the throat or mouth.
What is reflux esophagitis?
Reflux esophagitis is inflammation of the esophageal lining associated with reflux.
What is Barrett's esophagus?
It is a change in the lower esophageal lining toward intestinal-type columnar cells, associated with chronic reflux and increased risk of adenocarcinoma.
How may GERD affect teeth?
Acid reaching the mouth can erode enamel, often on inner tooth surfaces, making it appear smooth or dull.
Quiz questions
Why can identifying GERD in infants require observing behavior and feeding?Answer: Infants may not be able to describe heartburn or discomfort.
Where is the lower esophageal sphincter located?Answer: At the junction between the esophagus and stomach.
Which test is described as the most objective way to assess acid exposure in the esophagus?Answer: Esophageal pH monitoring.
When is endoscopy particularly considered for someone with GERD symptoms?Answer: When treatment does not work well or alarm symptoms are present.
When are proton-pump inhibitors generally taken for GERD?Answer: About 30 to 60 minutes before a meal.