Treatments for diabetes work closely with food intake, especially carbohydrate intake. Understanding how medicines, alcohol, and supplements can affect blood glucose helps clients use treatments safely and recognize potential nutrient concerns.
Diabetes involves how much insulin the body creates, secretes, and uses. Insulin and oral antidiabetic medicines help manage blood glucose, but their effects need to be considered alongside meals and carbohydrate intake.
All flashcards
How can sugary mixers affect blood glucose in a person with diabetes?
Sugary alcoholic drinks can raise blood glucose.
How can alcohol make hypoglycemia harder to recognize?
It may mask warning signs such as shakiness or sweating.
What nutrient concern is associated with metformin use?
Metformin use is associated with risk of vitamin B12 deficiency; testing may be needed.
Which foods and supplements can interfere with levothyroxine absorption?
Soy, some fruit juices, calcium supplements, and iron supplements can interfere.
What does parathyroid hormone help regulate?
It helps regulate calcium, vitamin D, and phosphate in the bloodstream.
Quiz questions
Why should insulin use be coordinated with carbohydrate intake?Answer: A mismatch can contribute to blood glucose that is too low or too high.
Why is metformin commonly taken with meals?Answer: Taking it with meals can help limit gastrointestinal adverse effects.
How can alcohol consumed on an empty stomach contribute to hypoglycemia in a person with diabetes?Answer: The liver may be unable to release stored glucose effectively.
A person with kidney disease asks about starting chromium supplements. What is an appropriate teaching point?Answer: Chromium supplements may further damage the kidneys, so the person should consult a health care provider.
Which pairing correctly describes how loop and thiazide diuretics affect calcium handling?Answer: Loop diuretics increase calcium excretion; thiazides increase calcium reabsorption.
Based on Nutrition for Nurses by Emerald Charity Bilbrew, Jody Vogelzang, Kelli Whittington (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.