This lesson introduces nutrition and the basic terms used to describe food and the nutrients the body needs. Understanding these ideas helps nurses explain how food supports bodily functions and assess whether a person’s intake may meet their needs.
Nutrition is the intake of food to meet the needs of the body. Nutrients are substances in foods and beverages that are essential for survival. Nurses need to understand how nutrition affects bodily functions so they can provide effective care.
All flashcards
What is nutrition?
Nutrition is the intake of food to meet the needs of the body.
What are nutrients?
Nutrients are substances found in foods and beverages that are essential for survival.
What is the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?
Macronutrients are needed in large amounts and include water, carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Micronutrients are vitamins and minerals, which are needed in smaller amounts.
How many calories per gram do carbohydrate, fat, and protein provide?
Carbohydrate provides 4 calories per gram, fat provides 9, and protein provides 4.
What does a person’s diet describe?
A diet describes the quantity and quality of the food and drinks a person consumes.
Quiz questions
What did the 1906 Pure Food and Drugs Act begin?Answer: Federal regulation of foods.
What did the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 require for food labels?Answer: Recognizable product names and standardized identity, quality, and quantity information.
What was a central aim of the 1977 Dietary Goals for the United States?Answer: Improve the typical American diet and reduce heart disease.
What did the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990 require on food packaging?Answer: Nutrition information and serving sizes.
Which change to U.S. food guides occurred in 2011?Answer: MyPlate replaced the Food Guide Pyramid.
Based on Nutrition for Nurses by Emerald Charity Bilbrew, Jody Vogelzang, Kelli Whittington (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.