PathologyLesson 3 of 4 in the course Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections

Viral Infections: Herpesviruses, Arboviruses, Ebola, Hantaviruses, and HIV

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 4 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson compares two widespread herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Both can persist in the body and are often asymptomatic, but they cause different complications in particular populations.

Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV-4), or EBV, commonly infects B lymphocytes and can remain latent for long periods. Exposure is widespread, often occurring during childhood. Transmission mainly occurs through body fluids, especially saliva, but blood and semen can also transmit the virus.

All flashcards

Arbovirus
A virus transmitted between hosts by an arthropod vector, such as a mosquito.
Burkitt lymphoma
A rapidly growing B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with EBV.
Congenital CMV
CMV infection passed to a fetus during pregnancy; it may affect growth, hearing, vision, or development.
AIDS
The advanced stage of HIV infection, diagnosed by a CD4 count below 200 cells per microliter or certain opportunistic illnesses.
Hantavirus transmission
Infection that commonly follows inhalation of aerosols contaminated with rodent urine or feces.

Quiz questions

  1. What is the central treatment approach for yellow fever, for which the notes describe no specific curative therapy?Answer: Supportive care
  2. What can cause circulatory failure in severe dengue?Answer: Increased blood-vessel permeability and fluid leakage
  3. Which exposure can transmit Ebola virus?Answer: Direct contact with infected body fluids or contaminated objects
  4. Which criterion can establish an AIDS diagnosis in a person with HIV?Answer: A CD4 count below 200 cells per microliter
  5. Which group is particularly vulnerable to severe CMV disease?Answer: Transplant recipients and people with AIDS

Based on Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister, Brian M. Forster (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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