Clinical psychologyLesson 1 of 2 in the course Mood disorders

Major Depressive Disorder: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Care

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also called clinical depression, is a mood disorder that can affect emotions, thinking, behavior, physical health, and daily functioning. This lesson introduces the condition and its common signs.

MDD is characterized by a persistent pattern of low mood, low self-esteem, and reduced interest or pleasure in activities that are normally enjoyable. A major depressive episode lasts at least two weeks and can interfere with work, education, relationships, sleep, eating, and general health. The course varies: some people experience one episode lasting months, while others have recurrent or long-term episodes.

All flashcards

What is major depressive disorder (MDD)?
A mood disorder involving depressive symptoms that persist and can impair daily functioning.
What is the biopsychosocial model of depression?
A model proposing that biological, psychological, and social factors interact in depression.
What is a mental status examination?
A clinical assessment of current mood, thought content, and other aspects of mental functioning.
What does cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) address?
Unhelpful thought patterns and counterproductive behaviors.
What are residual symptoms after a depressive episode?
Symptoms that remain after improvement and may increase the risk of relapse or recurrence.

Quiz questions

  1. Which statement best describes how MDD is diagnosed?Answer: Clinical assessment considers symptoms, duration, impairment, and possible alternative explanations.
  2. Why should a history of mania or markedly elevated mood be considered when assessing depression?Answer: It can indicate bipolar disorder rather than unipolar depression.
  3. Which approach is central to interpersonal therapy (IPT) for depression?Answer: Addressing relationship and social difficulties.
  4. What do family and twin studies suggest about genetic contributions to MDD risk?Answer: Genetic factors account for about 40% of variation in risk.
  5. Which feature is associated with the atypical-features specifier for depression?Answer: Mood reactivity with increased sleep or appetite.

Based on the Wikipedia article Major depressive disorder, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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