Language is built from several connected systems, from speech sounds to rules for using words with other people. Understanding these systems helps explain how young children learn to communicate and prepare for reading and writing.
Languages have defining features that children learn through exposure and interaction. These features work together: sounds form meaningful units, meaningful units form words and sentences, and speakers use those sentences in social situations.
All flashcards
What is phonological awareness?
The ability to recognize and manipulate the sounds of language; it supports learning to read and write.
How does a morpheme differ from a phoneme?
A morpheme is the smallest unit that carries meaning; a phoneme is the smallest sound unit that can distinguish meaning.
What is syntax?
The rules that govern how words are combined and ordered to form phrases, clauses, and sentences.
What does pragmatics help children learn?
How to use and interpret language in context, including taking turns and adapting speech to listeners and settings.
What is code-switching?
Choosing between languages or language varieties according to the conversation partner, setting, or purpose.
Quiz questions
What is American Sign Language (ASL)?Answer: A natural language with its own grammar and syntax.
What can a child's language behavior establish by itself about a developmental diagnosis?Answer: It cannot establish a diagnosis on its own.
A multilingual child has a smaller vocabulary in each language than a monolingual child. What is the best interpretation?Answer: This can be part of multilingual development and does not by itself indicate confusion.
What is a key feature of a text-rich environment for young children?Answer: Regular opportunities to encounter print and use writing materials.
Based on Lifespan Development by Diana Riser, Rose Spielman, David Biek (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.