This lesson introduces the protozoan responsible for urogenital trichomoniasis and explains its important biological features and clinical effects. Recognizing that infections may be asymptomatic is essential for understanding why testing and partner treatment matter.
The major protozoan species associated with infections of the urogenital system is Trichomonas vaginalis. The infection it causes, trichomoniasis, is commonly called “trich” and is the most common nonviral sexually transmitted infection (STI).
All flashcards
What organism causes trichomoniasis?
*Trichomonas vaginalis*, a flagellated protozoan and the principal protozoan pathogen associated with urogenital infection.
What is distinctive about the life-cycle form of *T. vaginalis*?
It is found only as a trophozoite and does not form cysts.
What roles do adhesins and tetraspanins play?
Surface adhesins such as lipoglycans help the organism adhere to host cells. Tetraspanins contribute to adhesion, movement, and tissue invasion.
What symptoms may occur in females with trichomoniasis?
Possible symptoms include dysuria, genital itching, burning, redness or soreness, and vaginal discharge. Infection may also spread to the cervix.
Name two important associations of trichomoniasis.
It is associated with increased risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV and with pregnancy complications, including preterm birth.
Quiz questions
Which protozoan causes trichomoniasis?Answer: *Trichomonas vaginalis*
Which life-cycle form is reported for *T. vaginalis*?Answer: A trophozoite; it does not form cysts.
How can phagocytosis of normal urogenital microbes by *T. vaginalis* affect the local environment?Answer: It may contribute to microbial imbalance that favors infection.
Which statement best describes symptoms of trichomoniasis?Answer: Infections may be asymptomatic, or cause genital and urethral symptoms.
Which health outcomes are associated with trichomoniasis?Answer: Increased HIV risk and pregnancy complications such as preterm birth.
Based on Microbiology by Nina Parker, Mark Schneegurt, Anh-Hue Thi Tu, Philip Lister, Brian M. Forster (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.