PharmacologyLesson 5 of 6 in the course Anti-infective Drugs

Tuberculosis: Infection, Treatment, and Antitubercular Drug Safety

5 flashcards · 4 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

Save course
Lesson progress
0 / 5

Your progress is kept in this browser only.Sign up to save it

Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease that most often affects the lungs and can cause serious illness. Understanding how the organism spreads and behaves helps clinicians recognize possible TB and select appropriate tests.

TB is primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing mycobacterium. Its cell envelope contains mycolic acid, which makes the organism difficult for conventional antibiotics to penetrate and helps explain why treatment is prolonged.

All flashcards

How does isoniazid act against *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*?
It inhibits mycolic acid production, disrupting the mycobacterial cell wall.
How does rifampin act against susceptible mycobacteria?
It binds bacterial RNA polymerase and interferes with RNA production.
What does directly observed therapy (DOT) involve?
A trained observer watches the client take each medication dose to support adherence.
Which serious adverse effect is associated with isoniazid?
Hepatotoxicity; it can also cause peripheral neuropathy.
Why may ethambutol dosing need adjustment in renal dysfunction?
Ethambutol is partly eliminated by the kidneys.

Quiz questions

  1. Which action is associated with rifampin against susceptible mycobacteria?Answer: Binding bacterial RNA polymerase and interfering with RNA production.
  2. What happens during directly observed therapy (DOT)?Answer: A trained observer watches the client take each dose.
  3. Which adverse effect should be monitored for in a client taking isoniazid?Answer: Liver injury, including possible hepatitis.
  4. Why can rifampin reduce the effect of some other medications?Answer: It induces CYP3A4, which can speed the metabolism of interacting drugs.

Based on Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris, Dorie Weaver (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

More in Pharmacology

All Pharmacology lessons
PharmacologyThrombolytic Drugs: Mechanisms, Uses, and Safety5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →PharmacologyARBs: AT₁ Blockade, Safety, and Nursing Monitoring5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →PharmacologyAntiplatelet Drugs: Aspirin, P2Y12 Inhibitors, and Eptifibatide5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →PharmacologyNitrate Pharmacology: Actions, Uses, Safety, and Client Teaching5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →PharmacologyOral Antidiabetic Drugs: Mechanisms, Safety, and Hypoglycemia Care5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →PharmacologyDrug Disposition, Drug Action, and Factors Shaping Medication Response5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 4 gamesPlay free →