PharmacologyLesson 1 of 1 in the course Introduction to Pharmacology

Medication Access and Individual Drug Response Across the Lifespan

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

This lesson explores how financial and social circumstances influence access to medications, adherence, and health outcomes. Understanding these barriers helps nurses work with clients to find realistic, supportive solutions.

Medication costs are one part of total health care spending. Costs may also include provider visits, diagnostic procedures, hospitalizations, illness-related complications, and suboptimal treatment. Increased use of medications and higher medication prices both contribute to rising costs. A growing share of these expenses may be passed to clients as out-of-pocket costs.

All flashcards

What is pharmacoeconomics?
The analysis of the costs and consequences of drug therapy for health care systems and society.
What is pharmacokinetics?
The study of how the body handles a drug through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
What does pharmacogenetics study?
How an individual's genetic makeup influences therapeutic responses and susceptibility to adverse drug effects.
What is a teratogenic drug?
A drug known to cause harm during embryonic or fetal development.
What are the Beers Criteria®?
A reference identifying medications that may be inappropriate or require caution in older adults.

Quiz questions

  1. Which is an example of a direct nonmedical cost of receiving care?Answer: Travel and lodging for an out-of-town medical appointment.
  2. What does an insurance deductible generally refer to?Answer: The amount paid out of pocket before the plan begins paying for covered care.
  3. How should medication decisions during pregnancy generally be made?Answer: Weigh potential benefits and risks for the pregnant client and fetus, including risks of untreated illness.
  4. Which factors can influence whether a drug crosses the placenta?Answer: The drug's lipid solubility and degree of protein binding.
  5. How can reduced kidney function in an older adult affect some medications?Answer: It may reduce drug excretion, allowing some medications to remain in the body longer.

Based on Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris, Dorie Weaver (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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