ACE inhibitors are an important group of medicines used to treat hypertension and several cardiovascular conditions. This lesson explains how they affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), why they can lower blood pressure, and how selected ACE inhibitors are used.
The enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) converts angiotensin I into angiotensin II. ACE inhibitors block this conversion and suppress the RAAS.
All flashcards
ACE inhibitor mechanism
ACE inhibition reduces the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and suppresses the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.
Angiotensin II
It narrows blood vessels and promotes aldosterone release, contributing to higher blood pressure and sodium and water retention.
ACE inhibitor-associated cough
It is often persistent, dry, and nonproductive; clients should report it to their health care provider.
Enalapril indications
Enalapril is used for hypertension, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction.
Renal impairment during ACE inhibitor therapy
It calls for caution and monitoring.
Quiz questions
Which conditions are listed as indications for enalapril?Answer: Hypertension, heart failure, and acute myocardial infarction.
A client taking an ACE inhibitor develops swelling of the lips and difficulty breathing. What is the appropriate response?Answer: Seek immediate medical attention for possible angioedema.
What is the guidance on ACE inhibitor use during pregnancy?Answer: ACE inhibitors should not be used during pregnancy.
Why should clients taking ACE inhibitors avoid potassium-containing salt substitutes unless advised otherwise?Answer: They can raise the risk of hyperkalemia.
Which measurements and laboratory value are specifically important to monitor during ACE inhibitor therapy?Answer: Blood pressure, pulse, and serum potassium.
Based on Pharmacology for Nurses by Tina Barbour-Taylor, Leah Mueller (Sabato), Donna Paris, Dorie Weaver (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.