Minerals are essential nutrients that support the structure and function of the body. This lesson introduces mineral classifications, important roles minerals play, and factors that affect their absorption.
The body needs about 20 essential minerals, in different amounts according to their roles. Macrominerals are needed at levels higher than 100 mg per day. Trace minerals are needed at levels below 100 mg per day. Both groups are essential; the terms describe the amounts needed, not how important the minerals are.
All flashcards
What is a macromineral?
A mineral needed at levels higher than 100 mg per day. The term refers to the amount needed, not the mineral’s importance.
What is a trace mineral?
A mineral needed at levels below 100 mg per day. Trace minerals are essential even though the body needs them in smaller amounts.
What are two important functions of calcium?
Calcium contributes to bones and teeth and also supports processes including muscle function, blood clotting, nerve transmission, and blood vessel contraction and dilation.
What does it mean for minerals to work synergistically?
Minerals work synergistically when their relationship or combined effects help support normal body function. For example, the sodium-to-potassium ratio affects blood pressure.
How can phytates affect mineral absorption?
Phytates found in whole grains can interfere with the absorption of calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc.
Quiz questions
What does food fortification mean?Answer: Intentionally adding one or more micronutrients to food.
What information do Daily Values provide on food labels?Answer: Reference amounts that help compare nutrient content across foods.
What is a key principle of evidence-based practice when assessing nutrition claims?Answer: Use scientific evidence rather than personal testimony as the basis for care.
Why do premenopausal people generally have higher iron needs than postmenopausal people?Answer: Iron is lost through menstruation.
What should be considered when evaluating a fortified breakfast cereal?Answer: Its overall nutritional profile, including its added sugar content.
Based on Nutrition for Nurses by Emerald Charity Bilbrew, Jody Vogelzang, Kelli Whittington (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.