NutritionLesson 3 of 3 in the course Special Nutritional Considerations for Cardiovascular Health

Cardiovascular Medications, Nutrient Concerns, and Heart-Failure Diet Variety

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 4 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

Cardiovascular medications can interact with nutrients in food or affect the body’s fluid and electrolyte balance. Nurses help clients understand these effects so they can follow treatment safely and recognize signs that need attention.

Warfarin slows blood clotting and is used for conditions such as venous thromboembolism and for stroke prevention in some clients with atrial fibrillation or mechanical heart valves. Vitamin K supports blood coagulation, so it works in an opposing direction to warfarin.

All flashcards

Warfarin and vitamin K
Vitamin K supports coagulation and opposes warfarin’s effect; consistent intake helps avoid changes in treatment effect.
Hypokalemia
A potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L; possible symptoms include muscle cramps, constipation, palpitations, and fatigue.
Hyperkalemia
Elevated blood potassium; potassium-sparing diuretics can increase its risk.
Hyponatremia
Low blood sodium; signs may include nausea, weakness, and changes in level of consciousness.
Statins and CoQ10
Atorvastatin and similar medications have been associated with decreased serum CoQ10 levels.

Quiz questions

  1. Why should a client taking warfarin aim for a consistent vitamin K intake?Answer: Changes in vitamin K intake can alter warfarin’s treatment effect.
  2. Which food is a source of substantial vitamin K?Answer: Leafy green vegetables
  3. Which nutrient change has been associated with atorvastatin and similar statins?Answer: Decreased serum CoQ10 levels
  4. How can diuretic therapy contribute to lower levels of some nutrients?Answer: It may increase the excretion of water-soluble vitamins.
  5. What can be concluded about Tara’s nutrient status from her symptoms and prescribed furosemide?Answer: No specific nutrient deficiency is established without further assessment.

Based on Nutrition for Nurses by Emerald Charity Bilbrew, Jody Vogelzang, Kelli Whittington (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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