NutritionLesson 3 of 3 in the course Metabolism and Nutrition

Absorptive, Postabsorptive, and Starvation Metabolism

5 flashcards · 5 quiz questions · 5 match pairs · 5 fill-in sentences · English

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Summary

The absorptive state is the period after a meal when the body digests and absorbs nutrients. The body uses some nutrients right away and stores the excess for later, helping maintain a continuous energy supply between meals.

The absorptive state, also called the fed state, begins as food is digested and nutrients are absorbed. During this state, anabolism—the building and storage of molecules—exceeds catabolism.

All flashcards

How do most dietary fats reach the bloodstream after intestinal absorption?
They enter the lymphatic system first, then reach the bloodstream.
Why does converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate support glucose uptake into cells?
It lowers free intracellular glucose, helping maintain a gradient for glucose entry.
What does glucagon do to liver glycogen during fasting?
It stimulates glycogen breakdown and the release of glucose into the blood.
What is gluconeogenesis?
The production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
How do ketone bodies help conserve body protein during starvation?
They provide fuel for tissues, reducing the need to break down protein for glucose production.

Quiz questions

  1. After digestion and absorption from a meal have ended, which metabolic state commonly occurs overnight?Answer: The postabsorptive state
  2. When blood glucose falls during fasting, which hormone promotes liver glycogen breakdown?Answer: Glucagon
  3. During starvation, which fuel can muscle use to reduce its reliance on glucose?Answer: Fatty acids
  4. After several days of starvation, what role do ketone bodies play?Answer: They supply energy to the heart and other organs and help meet the brain's energy needs.
  5. Which molecule released from triglycerides can serve as a substrate for gluconeogenesis?Answer: Glycerol

Based on Anatomy and Physiology 2e by J. Gordon Betts, Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Eddie Johnson, Brandon Poe, Dean H. Kruse, Oksana Korol, Jody E. Johnson, Mark Womble, Peter DeSaix (OpenStax), licensed CC BY 4.0. Adapted into a summary, flashcards and quizzes.

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